Usuario:Yesenia Fuentes Santos

IPv6

Is the new version of the Internet Protocol (IP) on which the operation of the Internet is based. The basic technical specifications of IPv6 were developed in the 90s at the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Today the protocol continues to add new functionalities and is considered a mature enough protocol to support the operation of the Internet instead of IPv4.

IPv6 features

  • The 128-bit address scheme provides a large number of IP addresses, with the ability to assign global unique addresses to new devices.
  • The multiple levels of hierarchy allow to join routes, promoting an efficient and scalable routing to the Internet.
  • The autoconfiguration process allows nodes on the IPv6 network to configure their own IPv6 addresses, facilitating their use.
  • The transition between IPv6 providers is transparent to end users with the renumbering mechanism.
  • ARP broadcast is replaced by the use of multicast on the local link.
  • The IPv6 header is more efficient than the IPv4 header: it has fewer fields and the header checksum is removed.
  • Traffic differentiation can be done using the header fields.
  • The new header extensions replace the IPv4 Options field and provide greater flexibility.
  • IPv6 was outlined to handle mobility and security mechanisms more efficiently than the IPv4 protocol.
  • Several mechanisms were created along with the protocol to have a smooth transition from IPv4 to IPv6 networks.

Types of IPv6 addresses

An IPv6 address can be classified into one of the three types created:

Unicast.

It is used only to identify an interface of an IPv6 node. A packet sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address.

Multicast.

It is used to identify a group of IPv6 interfaces. A packet sent to a multicast address is processed by all members of the multicast group.

Anycast.

It is assigned to multiple interfaces (usually on multiple nodes). A packet sent to an anycast address is delivered to one of these interfaces, usually the closest one.

Bibliography

González, E. G. (enero de 2012). Estudio IPv6. Obtenido de Universidad Oberta de Catalunya: http://openaccess.uoc.edu/webapps/o2/bitstream/10609/11643/8/gongonedTFM0112memoria.pdf

IPV6 MEX. (s.f.). IPV6. Obtenido de Fundamentos IPV6: http://www.ipv6.mx/index.php/informacion/fundamentos/ipv6

Patrizio, A. (diciembre de 2019). IPv4 frente a IPv6: ¿en qué se diferencian. Obtenido de Avast: https://www.avast.com/es-es/c-ipv4-vs-ipv6-addresses

SÁNCHEZ, D. T. (JUNIO de 2017). INTRODUCCIÓN Y CONFIGURACIÓN DEL PROTOCOLO IPV6. Obtenido de UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO: http://ri.uaemex.mx/bitstream/handle/20.500.11799/82865/Intro%20del%20protocolo%20IPv6.pdf;jsessionid=23BDDB1EE3F5E5CF4B814DBBAB4CB015?sequence=1

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